R.C. Orndorff R.J. McAleer E.A. Crider Jr G.J. Walsh 20221101 vector digital data Scientific Investigations Map 3491 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Walsh, G.J., Orndorff, R.C., and McAleer, R.J., 2022, Bedrock geologic map of the Crown Point quadrangle, Essex County, New York, and Addison County, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3491, Scale 1:24,000, 1 sheet, includes 44-p. pamphlet. https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3491 The bedrock geology map database of the 7.5-minute Crown Point quadrangle consists of deformed and metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic gneisses of the Adirondack Highlands unconformably overlain by weakly deformed lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Champlain Valley. The Mesoproterozoic rocks occur on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and represent an extension of the Grenville Province of Laurentia. Granulite facies Mesoproterozoic paragneiss, marble, and amphibolite hosted the emplacement of granitic orthogneiss at approximately 1.18–1.15 giga-annum (Ga, billion years before present). The earliest of four phases of deformation (D1) is characterized by gneissosity, rarely preserved F1 isoclinal folds, and migmatite in the host rocks. Subsequent D2 deformation produced a composite penetrative gneissosity, migmatite, and isoclinal F2 folds. Towards the end of D2, felsic magmatism (including the regionally extensive Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss, abbreviated "LMG") spread by penetrative migration as semiconcordant alkali feldspar granite sheets subparallel to S2 into previously deformed lithologies. The LMG crystallized at approximately 1.15 Ga and displays synkinematic F2 folds thus constraining the time of D2 deformation. Exhumation during D3 produced F3 folds exhibited in regional domes and basins, such as the Keeney Mountain synform, local reactivation of the S2 foliation, partial melting, metamorphism, metasomatism, iron ore remobilization, and intrusion of magnetite-bearing pegmatite both as layer-parallel sills and crosscutting dikes. D4 created NE- and NW-trending boudinage, local high-grade ductile shear zones, and crosscutting granitic pegmatite dikes. Kilometer (km)-scale lineaments readily observed in lidar data are Ediacaran mafic dikes and Phanerozoic brittle faults. The Paleozoic rocks are part of the Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician great American carbonate bank on the ancient margin of Laurentia. Cambrian-Ordovician stratigraphy records an approximately 1-km-thick section and a transition from synrift clastics to passive margin peritidal carbonate buildups to gradually deeper water subtidal to shelf carbonates during foreland basin development associated with the Taconic orogeny. The Paleozoic rocks are weakly folded and block faulted. Large areas of the Champlain Valley are covered by undifferentiated glacial deposits, some of which contain mapped landslides. The map also shows waste rock piles and tailings from historical mining operations and large areas of artificial fill. The geologic map database of the Crown Point quadrangle is intended to serve as a foundation for applying geologic information to problems involving land use decisions, groundwater availability and quality, earth resources such as natural aggregate for construction, assessment of natural hazards (earthquakes), and engineering and environmental studies for waste disposal sites and construction projects. The database and associated geologic map improves the understanding of the bedrock geology in the Adirondack Highlands, establishes a modern framework for 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondacks, provides a context for historical iron mines in the eastern Adirondacks, and updates the stratigraphy of the Champlain Valley in New York and Vermont. CrownPointNY-VTSIM3491.gdb is a composite geodataset that conforms to "GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)--a standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps," available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS/. Metadata records associated with each element within the geodataset contain more detailed descriptions of their purposes, constituent entities, and attributes. An OPEN shapefile versions of the dataset is also available. It consists of shapefiles, DBF files, and delimited text files and retains all information in the native geodatabase, but some programming will likely be necessary to assemble these components into usable formats. These metadata were prepared with the aid of script GeMS_FGDC1_Arc10.py, version of 29 March 2022. 20221101 publication date Complete None planned -73.5000 -73.3650 44.0000 43.8750 Geologic Names Iberville Formation Potsdam Sandstone Stony Point Formation Ticonderoga Formation Orwell Limestone Whitehall Formation Providence Island Dolomite Fort Cassin Formation Cutting Dolomite Glens Falls Limestone Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss Valcour Limestone Crown Point Limestone USGS Thesaurus geologic maps deformation (geologic) metamorphic rocks surficial geologic units maps and atlases fracture (geologic) structural geology Neoproterozoic uplift igneous rocks geologic structure Quaternary geologic contacts faulting (geologic) Mesoproterozoic conodonts Cambrian alteration geologic history unconsolidated deposits lineation (geologic) Paleozoic mineral resources economic geology tectonic processes geologic time periods Ordovician geologic time scales stratigraphy Holocene metamorphism (geological) mineral deposits hazards landslides Proterozoic fossils building stone resources mine waste folding (geologic) bedrock geologic units sedimentary rocks geologic processes Lithologic classification of geologic map units Syenite Amphibolite Metavolcanic rock Tectonic breccia Pegmatite Paragneiss Calc-silicate rock Sedimentary rock Plutonic rock Limestone Alluvium Diabase Cataclasite Landslide Clastic rock Till Granitic gneiss Mixed carbonate/clastic rock Migmatite Quartz syenite Carbonate rock Alkali-feldspar granite Granofels Marble Dolostone Augen gneiss Sandstone Metasedimentary rock Shale Conglomerate Metamorphic rock Gneiss Quartzite Delta ISO 19115 Topic Category environment utilitiesCommunication geoscientificInformation economy ISO 19115 Topic Categories structure utilitiesCommunication economy environment geoscientificInformation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:dcf77dd6-6cd5-488d-addd-071628589098 Common Geographic Names United States Vermont Addison Ticonderoga New York Crown Point Essex None. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. None. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Although software enables the user to display images at various scales, map data in this report should not be used at scales greater than 1:24,000. U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region Ernest A Crider Geologist mailing

Mail Stop 926A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr

Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6906 703-648-6953 ecrider@usgs.gov Funding for this report was provided by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP) from 2016 to 2022. Additional support and cooperation was provided by the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey and the State of New York, Department of Education, New York Geological Survey. MS Windows Version 6.2 (Build 9200); Esri ArcGIS 10.8.1.14362 Geologic contacts and information were garnered from 1:24,000-scale mapping of geologic material based on observation from fieldwork, previously published geologic maps, and unpublished geologic data in the region. The geologic information might change if additional outcrops are discovered or exposed as the natural land changes, or as the result of development, or advances in scientific research are made. The features in the database are not based on legal parcels or definitions. Users of this data should pay close attention to the references in the pamphlet for the published geologic map as sources relevant to the database may not be included in the DataSources table of this database. Confidence that an individual feature exists and confidence that a feature is correctly identified are described in per-feature attributes of the ExistenceConfidence and IdentityConfidence fields. Geologic contacts and information were garnered from 1:24,000-scale mapping of bedrock and surficial material based on observation from and geologic fieldwork in the region. The geologic information might change if additional outcrops are discovered or exposed as the natural land changes or as the result of development. The features in the database are not based on legal parcels or definitions. Topology tests were performed to ensure the integrity of the data. These tests checked for polygon overlaps and gaps and line pseudos, dangles, and intersections. Additional tests were conducted to ensure that linework from geologic contacts match polygon boundaries where necessary. Database verifies as level 3 compliant under the "GeMS" schema. Level 3 compliance was achieved by deleting references used for the publication of the geologic map and pamphlet. A MapUnitOverlayLines feature class exists to match the surficial polygons in the MapUnitOverlayPolys feature class. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Data were delineated on classic U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic maps at 1:24,000 scale. Therefore, the horizontal accuracy is assumed to be within National Map Accuracy Standards, with a horizontal accuracy of 45.6 feet at the 95% confidence level. In addition, the horizontal accuracy standard requires that the positions of 90 percent of all points tested must be accurate within 1/50th of an inch (0.05 centimeters) on the map. For more information see U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 171-99. Horizontal estimated accuracy of individual features within this database is given on a per-feature basis by the LocationConfidenceMeters field. Values are expected to be correct within a factor of 2. The data were delineated on classic U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic maps at 1:24,000 scale. Therefore, the vertical accuracy is assumed to be within National Map Accuracy Standards, with a vertical accuracy of 11.9 feet at the 95% confidence level. In addition, the vertical accuracy standard requires that the elevation of 90 percent of all points tested much be correct within half of the contour interval. For more information see U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 171-99. J.M. Hanchar P.M. Valley M.J. Whitehouse 20110401 publication Geosphere v. 7, no. 2 unknown Geological Society of America Valley, P.M., Hanchar, J.M., and Whitehouse, M.J., 2011, New insights on the evolution of the Lyon Mountain Granite and associated Kiruna-type magnetite-apatite deposits, Adirondack Mountains, New York State: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 2, p. 357–389. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00624.1 hardcopy 20110401 publication date DASCPNYVT123 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. G.J. Walsh M. Toft M.L. Williams S.P. Regan R. McAleer J.R. Chiarenzelli 20190508 publication Geosphere v. 15, no. 4 unknown Geological Society of America Regan, S.P., Walsh, G.J., Williams, M.L., Chiarenzelli, J.R., Toft, M., and McAleer, R., 2019a, Syn-collisional exhumation of hot middle crust in the Adirondack Mountains (New York, USA)—Implications for extensional orogenesis in the southern Grenville province: Geosphere, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1240–1261. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02029.1 hardcopy 20190508 publication date DASCPNYVT097 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. L. Tan 19661101 publication New York State Museum Bulletin 408 Albany, NY The University of the State of New York Tan, L., 1966, Major pegmatite deposits of New York State: New York State Museum Bulletin 408, 138 p. hardcopy 19661101 publication date DASCPNYVT118 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. J. Rodgers 19371101 publication Bulletin v. 48, no. 11 unknown Geological Society of America Rodgers, J., 1937, Stratigraphy and structure in the Upper Champlain Valley: Geological Society of American Bulletin, v. 48, no. 11, p. 1573–1588. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-48-1573 hardcopy 19371101 publication date DASCPNYVT104 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. G.J. Walsh N.M. Ratcliffe P.J. Thompson M.H. Gale R.S. Stanley 20110101 publication Scientific Investigations Map 3184 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Ratcliffe, N.M., Stanley, R.S., Gale, M.H., Thompson, P.J., and Walsh, G.J., 2011, Bedrock geologic map of Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3184, 1 sheet, scale 1:100,000. https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3184 100000 hardcopy 20110101 publication date DASCPNYVT092 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. S.P. Regan K.A. Suarez M.L. Williams C.R. Pless G.B. Baird T.W. Grover 20181014 publication Castleton, VT unknown Williams, M.L., Grover, T.W., Pless, C.R., Suarez, K.A., Regan, S.P., and Baird, G.B., 2018, Migmatites of the eastern Adirondack Mountains—New constraints on the timing, petrology, and tectonic setting of partial melting, Trip A–1, in Grover, T.W., and Mango, H., eds., Guidebook for field trips in New York and Vermont: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 110th Annual Meeting, and New York State Geological Association, 90th Annual Meeting, Castleton, Vt., Oct. 12–14, 2018, Field Trip Guidebook, Castleton, Vt., Castleton University, p. A1–1 to A1–34. https://castleton.s3.amazonaws.com/files/pages/a1-final.pdf hardcopy 20181014 publication date DASCPNYVT136 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. U.S. Geological Survey, Science Publishing Network (SPN) U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 20150101 publication Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) U.S. Geological Survey Science Publishing Network, MapStyleGuide_DMU_print_1sht_v1-1_01-15.pdf. hardcopy 20150101 publication date USGS This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. H.L. Alling 19180614 publication New York State Museum Bulletin 199 Albany, NY The University of the State of New York Alling, H.L., 1918, The Adirondack graphite deposits: New York State Museum Bulletin 199, 150 p. hardcopy 19180614 publication date DASCPNYVT008 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. R.C. Orndorff G.J. Walsh R.J. McAleer 20221101 publication Scientific Investigations Map 3491 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This report, Walsh, G.J., Orndorff, R.C., and McAleer, R.J., 2022, Bedrock geologic map of the Crown Point quadrangle, Essex County, New York, and Addison County, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3491, Scale 1:24,000, 1 sheet, includes 44-p. pamphlet. https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3491 24000 hardcopy 20221101 publication date DASCPNYVT001 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. G.B. Baird J.N. Aleinikoff S.P. Regan G.J. Walsh P.M. Valley M.L. Williams P.S. Geer M.J. Jercinovic T.W. Grover 20150101 publication Plattsburgh, N.Y State University of New York Regan, S.P., Geer, P.S., Walsh, G.J., Aleinikoff, J.N., Baird, G.B., Valley, P.M., Williams, M.L. Jercinovic, M.J., and Grover, T.W., 2015, Precambrian geology of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York, in Franzi, D., ed., Geology of the Northeastern Adirondack Mountains and Champlain-St. Lawrence Lowlands of New York, Vermont and Quebec: New York State Geological Association, 87th Annual Meeting, Plattsburgh, N.Y., Sept. 12–13, 2015, Field Trip Guidebook, Plattsburgh, N.Y., State University of New York at Plattsburgh, p. 30–59. hardcopy 20150101 publication date DASCPNYVT096 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. J.A. Rayburn 20040101 publication Binghamton, NY University of New York Rayburn, J.A., 2004, Deglaciation of the Champlain Valley New York and Vermont and its possible effects on North Atlantic climate change: Binghamton, N.Y., State University of New York, Ph.D. dissertation, 158 p. hardcopy 20040101 publication date DASCPNYVT093 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. P. Whitney J. Chiarenzelli Y. Isachsen J. McLelland 19880101 publication Geology v. 16, no. 10 unknown Geological Society of America McLelland, J., Chiarenzelli, J., Whitney, P., and Isachsen, Y., 1988, U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Adirondack Mountains and implications for their geologic evolution: Geology, v. 16, no. 10, p. 920–924. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0920:UPZGOT>2.3.CO;2 hardcopy 19880101 publication date DASCPNYVT070 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. A.W. Postel 19520101 publication Professional Paper 237 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Postel, A.W., 1952, Geology of Clinton County magnetite district, New York: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 237, 88 p., 3 pls. in pocket, map scale 1:62,500. https://doi.org/10.3133/pp237 62500 hardcopy 19520101 publication date DASCPNYVT090 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 20060101 publication Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/fgdc_gds/geolsymstd.php hardcopy 20060101 publication date FGDC This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. M.S. Walton 19660101 publication Open-File Report 1m4628 Albany, NY New York State Geological Survey Walton, M.S., 1966b, Explanation for bedrock maps of the Paradox Lake, Elizabethtown, Port Henry and Ticonderoga 15′ quadrangles, and contained 7-1/2′ quadrangles: New York State Geological Survey Open-File Report 1m4628 [unpublished archived manuscript text], 47 p. hardcopy 19660101 publication date DASCPNYVT126 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. M.S. Walton 19660101 publication Open-File Reports 1g066.4, 1g066.6, 1g234, and 1g13798 Albany, NY New York State Geological Survey Walton, M.S., 1966a, Geologic maps of the Crown Point quadrangle, NY: New York State Geological Survey Open-File Reports 1g066.3, 1g066.4, 1g066.6, 1g234, and 1g13798 [unpublished archived manuscript maps], scale 1:24,000. 24000 hardcopy 19660101 publication date DASCPNYVT125 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. D.J. De Simone G.R. Wall J.A. Rayburn A.L. Kozlowski N.G. Miller 20080601 publication Queensbury, NY unknown De Simone, D.J., Wall, G.R., Miller, N.G., Rayburn, J.A., and Kozlowski, A.L., 2008, Glacial geology of the northern Hudson through southern Champlain Lowlands, in Guidebook to field trips for the 71st annual reunion northeastern friends of the Pleistocene, May 30–31 and June 1, 2008: Queensbury, N.Y., 58 p. hardcopy 20080601 publication date DASCPNYVT035 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. J. Morrison J. Mclelland C. Olson B. Selleck B. Cunningham K. Schmidt 20020111 publication Journal of Metamorphic Geology v. 20, no. 1 unknown Wiley McLelland, J., Morrison, J., Selleck, B., Cunningham, B., Olson, C., and Schmidt, K., 2002, Hydrothermal alteration of late- to post-tectonic Lyon Mountain Granitic Gneiss, Adirondack Mountains, New York—Origin of quartz-sillimanite segregations, quartz-albite lithologies, and associated Kiruna-type low-Ti Fe-oxide deposits: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 20, no. 1, p. 175–190. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0263-4929.2001.00345.x hardcopy 20020111 publication date DASCPNYVT071 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. M.V. Lupulescu A.T. Pullen J.D. Price J.R. Chiarenzelli 20110201 publication Geosphere v. 7, no. 1 unknown Geological Society of America Lupulescu, M.V., Chiarenzelli, J.R., Pullen, A.T., and Price, J.D., 2011, Using pegmatite geochronology to constrain temporal events in the Adirondack Mountains: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 1, p. 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00596.1 hardcopy 20110201 publication date DASCPNYVT067 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. J.M. Hanchar P.M. Valley M.J. Whitehouse 20090301 publication Geology v. 37, no. 3 unknown Geological Society of America Valley, P.M., Hanchar, J.M., and Whitehouse, M.J., 2009, Direct dating of Fe oxide-(Cu-Au) mineralization by U/Pb zircon geochronology: Geology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 223–226. https://doi.org/10.1130/G25439A.1 hardcopy 20090301 publication date DASCPNYVT122 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. American Geosciences Institute (AGI) K.K.E. Neuendorf, ed J.P. Mehl, Jr., ed J.A. Jackson, ed 20110101 5, revised publication Alexandria, VA American Geosciences Institute (AGI) Neuendorf, K.K.E., Mehl, J.P., Jr., and Jackson, J.A., eds., 2011, Glossary of geology (5th ed., revised): Alexandria, Va., American Geosciences Institute, 783 p. https://glossary.americangeosciences.org/ hardcopy 20110101 publication date AGI This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP) 20200101 publication Techniques and Methods book 11. chap. B10 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, 2020, GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)—A standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11. chap. B10, 74 p. standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11, chap. B10, 74 p. https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11B10 hardcopy 20200101 publication date GeMS This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. D.H. Newland 19190224 publication New York State Museum Bulletin 223–224 Albany, NY The University of the State of New York Newland, D.H., 1921, The mineral resources of the State of New York: New York State Museum Bulletin 223–224, p. 69–76. hardcopy 19190224 publication date DASCPNYVT080 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. M.V. Lupulescu D.G. Bailey J.R. Chiarenzelli 20130131 publication The Canadian Mineralogist vol. 50, no. 6 unknown Mineralogical Association of Canada Lupulescu, M.V., Chiarenzelli, J.R., and Bailey, D.G., 2012, Mineralogy, classification, and tectonic setting of the granitic pegmatites of New York State, USA: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 50, no. 6, p. 1713–1728. https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.50.6.1713 hardcopy 20130131 publication date DASCPNYVT066 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. D.H. Newland J.R. Kemp 19071207 publication New York State Museum Bulletin 119 Albany, NY The University of the State of New York Newland, D.H., and Kemp, J.F., 1908, Geology of the Adirondack magnetic iron ores, with a report on the Mineville-Port Henry mine group: New York State Museum Bulletin 119, 182 p. hardcopy 19071207 publication date DASCPNYVT081 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. C.W. Welby 19610101 publication Bulletin 14 Montpelier, VT Vermont Geological Survey Welby, C.W., 1961, Bedrock geology of the central Champlain Valley of Vermont: Vermont Geological Survey Bulletin 14, 296 p., 13 pls., pl. 1 map scale 1:62,500. 62500 hardcopy 19610101 publication date DASCPNYVT130 This citation was used in the production of this database, either in the description of map units, or the production of geologic polygons, or the additional supporting structural and cartographic information. The base map was downloaded from http://gis.ny.gov/gisdata/quads/drg24/i51.htm. Separations were cleaned of scratches in Adobe Photoshop and registered and rectified in ArcGIS ArcMap 10.6. The hydrologic water boundary information was extracted from the cultural layer as a separate raster using ArcGIS ArcScan and removed from the cultural layer leaving only transportation, geographic, and hydrologic names. Water boundaries were vectorized using ArcGIS ArcScan and left in a shapefile to be used for concealing bedrock contacts. The boundaries of Lake Champlain were extracted directly from modern LiDAR and placed into the water separate. A vector polygon of Lake Champlain is added to the MapUnitOverlayPolys feature class because much of the surficial information and some bedrock information shares a contact with the boundaries of Lake Champlain. Topographic, hydrologic, and cultural information from the adjoining Bridport, Vermont, quadrangle were manually added onto the New York State base map in the southeast corner of the map using ArcGIS ArcScan. 20200624 U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region Ernest A Crider Geologist mailing

Mail Stop 926A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr

Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6906 703-648-6953 ecrider@usgs.gov Geologic data was delivered from the scientist as geodatabase features classes. Line feature classes including ContactsandFaults, MapUnitOverlayLines, and Geologic Lines were smoothed and generalized in ArcGIS ArcMap 10.6. Linework was then loaded into a new "GeMS" compliant database. The smoothed lines were used to create MapUnitPolys and MapUnitOverlayPolys. Polygons were reattributed manually. OrientationPoint data was carefully vetted for quality to ensure structural data was sound. Outcrop and areas of radiation polygons in the OverlayPolys feature class were smoothed or enlarged and in some cases merged where overlapping. Mine locations, area of radiation (point), conodont data, and geochronologic information was extracted from the OrientationPoints feature class into the GeochronPoints, GenericPoints, and FossilPoints feature classes. Station data, geologic points containing no structural measurements, were placed into the "Stations" feature class. Cartographic representations in ArcGIS ArcMap were used to symbolize the geologic map using FGDC geologic map standards. Labels were placed using individual annotation features classes and later merged into "GeologicMapAnno" annotation class for publication of the database. 20201202 Following edit, reference data was placed into the DataSources object class. Edited description of map units was added into the DescriptionOfMapUnits object class, and the hierarchy key was completed. The glossary was completed with as much of the edited explanation of map symbols from the published geologic map as possible. Database validation was used to remove extraneous datasources. The database validates to level 3. 20220909 U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region Ernest A Crider Geologist mailing

Mail Stop 926A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr

Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6906 703-648-6953 ecrider@usgs.gov Database CrownPointNY-VTSIM3491.gdb contains the following elements: non-spatial table DescriptionOfMapUnits (47 rows); non-spatial table DataSources (26 rows); non-spatial table Glossary (66 rows); non-spatial table GeoMaterialDict (101 rows); feature dataset GeologicMap which contains feature class MapUnitPolys (370 features), feature class DataSourcePolys (0 features), feature class MapUnitOverlayPolys (70 features), feature class OverlayPolys (2728 features), feature class ContactsAndFaults (766 features), feature class GeologicLines (11 features), feature class CartographicLines (4 features), feature class IsoValueLines (0 features), feature class OrientationPoints (4374 features), feature class GeochronPoints (12 features), feature class FossilPoints (5 features), feature class Stations (1421 features), feature class GenericPoints (69 features), feature class MapUnitOverlayLines (175 features), and feature class GeologicMapAnno (1908 features); feature dataset CorrelationOfMapUnits which contains feature class CMUMapUnitPolys (39 features), feature class CMULines (64 features), and feature class CMUPoints (32 features). Detailed descriptions of entities, attributes, and attribute values are given in metadata for constituent elements of the database. See also "GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)--a standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps", available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS/. U.S. Geological Survey National Geologic Map Database mailing

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 US 1-888-275-8747 ngmdb@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3491 None 20240410 U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region Ernest A Crider Geologist mailing

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Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6906 703-648-6953 ecrider@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time