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Geologic Unit: Waco
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Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Waco limestone
  • Modifications:
    • Original reference
  • Dominant lithology:
    • Limestone
    • Clay
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Cincinnati arch
Publication:

Foerste, A.F., 1906, The Silurian, Devonian, and Irvine formations of east-central Kentucky, with an account of their clays and limestones: Kentucky Geological Survey Bulletin, no. 7, 369 p.


Summary:

Pg. 10, 52; also 1905, Kentucky Geol. Survey Bull., no. 6, p. 145. Waco limestone. Basal part solid limestone, 1 to 2 feet thick; upper part numerous thin layers of fossiliferous limestones interbedded with clay. Thickness 8 to 10 feet. Middle member of Alger formation (of Niagaran age). Underlies Estill clay and overlies Lulbegrud clay. [Age is Middle Silurian (Niagaran). In 1931 (Kentucky Geol. Survey, ser. 6, v. 36, p. 172, 173) Foerste assigned this limestone to Clinton epoch.]
[Named from Waco, Madison Co., east-central KY.]

Source: US geologic names lexicon (USGS Bull. 896, p. 2259-2260).


Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Waco limestone
  • Modifications:
    • Revised
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Cincinnati arch
Publication:

Swartz, C.K. (chairman), 1942, Correlation of the Silurian formations of North America; [Chart No. 3]: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 53, no. 4, p. 533-538.


Summary:

Chart 3. Correlation chart shows Waco limestone stratigraphically below Dayton limestone and above Lulbegrud conglomerate. [Age is Middle Silurian (Niagaran).]

Source: US geologic names lexicon (USGS Bull. 1200, p. 4097).


Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Waco Member
  • Modifications:
    • Revised
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Cincinnati arch
Publication:

Rexroad, C.B., Branson, E.R., Smith, M.O., Summerson, C.H., and Boucot, A.J., 1965, The Silurian formations of east-central Kentucky and adjacent Ohio: Kentucky Geological Survey Bulletin, 10th series, no. 2, 34 p., Prepared in cooperation with Indiana Geol. Survey


Summary:

Reassigned as Waco Member of Noland Formation (new). Term limestone dropped from name because such lithologic designation is not appropriate. Uppermost member of formation. Overlies Lulbegrud Member; underlies Estill Shale. At type section, consists of basal layer of massively evenly bedded limestone, about 2 ft thick, overlain by about 10 ft of fossiliferous clay with very thin interbeds of limestone. Limestones in Waco position from Preston to near Hillsboro not recognized with certainty.

Source: GNU records (USGS DDS-6; Reston GNULEX).


Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Waco Member*
  • Modifications:
    • Revised
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Cincinnati arch

Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Waco Member*
  • Modifications:
    • Revised
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Cincinnati arch
Publication:

McDowell, R.C., 1983, Stratigraphy of the Silurian outcrop belt on the east side of the Cincinnati arch in Kentucky, with revisions in the nomenclature, IN Contributions to the geology of Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1151-F, p. F1-F27. [Available online from the USGS PubsWarehouse: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/pp/pp1151F]


Summary:

Reassigned as Waco Member of Alger Shale of Crab Orchard Group. Waco is characterized by a prominent basal ledge generally composed of two to three beds of dolomite totaling 0.5 to 3 ft in thickness, overlain by an interval as much as 10 ft thick consisting of several thin dolomite beds and lenses, commonly 1 to 2 in thick, containing abundant megafossils (horn corals, brachiopods, and bryozoans), and interbedded with greenish-gray shale beds a foot or more thick. Underlain by Lulbegrud Shale Member and overlain by Estill Shale Member, both of Alger Shale.

Source: GNU records (USGS DDS-6; Reston GNULEX).


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For more information, please contact Nancy Stamm, Geologic Names Committee Secretary.

Asterisk (*) indicates published by U.S. Geological Survey authors.

"No current usage" (†) implies that a name has been abandoned or has fallen into disuse. Former usage and, if known, replacement name given in parentheses ( ).

Slash (/) indicates name conflicts with nomenclatural guidelines (CSN, 1933; ACSN, 1961, 1970; NACSN, 1983, 2005, 2021). May be explained within brackets ([ ]).