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National Geologic Map Database
Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Hiawatha graywacke*
  • Modifications:
    • Original reference
  • Dominant lithology:
    • Graywacke
    • Slate
    • Breccia
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Lake Superior region
Publication:

James, H.L., 1958, Stratigraphy of pre-Keweenawan rocks in parts of northern Michigan, IN Shorter contributions to general geology, 1957: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 314-C, p. C27-C44. [Available online from the USGS PubsWarehouse: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/pp/pp314C]


Summary:

Pg. 30 (table 1), 38. Hiawatha graywacke of Paint River group (new) of Animikie series. Predominantly graywacke with considerable amounts of interbedded slate; lower part is commonly a breccia that consists of scattered angular chert fragments in a grawacke matrix. Ranges in thickness from 50 feet or less in eastern part of district to 400 feet more in western part. Underlies Stambaugh formation (new); overlies Riverton iron-formation (new). Age is middle Precambrian (Animikie Series). Report includes stratigraphic sequence chart, location map.
Named from Hiawatha iron mine at Iron River, Iron Co., Northern Peninsula, northwestern MI (Lake Superior region). Rocks are exposed in scattered outcrops and formation is crossed by extensive mine workings. Locally well exposed along course of Paint River at north edge of town of Crystal Falls.

Source: US geologic names lexicon (USGS Bull. 1200, p. 1750).


Map showing publication footprint
  • Usage in publication:
    • Hiawatha Graywacke*
  • Modifications:
    • Overview
  • AAPG geologic province:
    • Lake Superior region
Publication:

Cannon, W.F., and Gair, J.E., 1970, A revision of stratigraphic nomenclature for middle Precambrian rocks in northern Michigan, IN Note and Discussion: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 81, no. 9, p. 2843-2846.


Summary:

Pg. 2845 (fig. 2, stratigraphic chart compiled from Leith and others, 1935; James, 1958; Gair and Thaden, 1968). Hiawatha Graywacke of Paint River Group of Marquette Range Supergroup (new; replaces †Animikie series of James, 1958, south of Lake Superior, in Michigan and Wisconsin). Present in Iron River-Crystal Falls district, northwestern Michigan. Overlies Riverton Iron-Formation and underlies Stambaugh Formation, both of Paint River Group. Age is middle Precambrian.

Source: Publication.


For more information, please contact Nancy Stamm, Geologic Names Committee Secretary.

Asterisk (*) indicates published by U.S. Geological Survey authors.

"No current usage" (†) implies that a name has been abandoned or has fallen into disuse. Former usage and, if known, replacement name given in parentheses ( ).

Slash (/) indicates name conflicts with nomenclatural guidelines (CSN, 1933; ACSN, 1961, 1970; NACSN, 1983, 2005, 2021). May be explained within brackets ([ ]).