GEOLEX

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Longwell, C.R., 1921, Geology of the Muddy Mountains, Nevada,
   with a section to the Grand Wash Cliffs in western Arizona:
   American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 1, no. 1, p.
   39-62

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Named	Plateau sedimentary province	Silt Clay Sand Salt Gypsum

Summary:
Proposed as a name for exposures near Horse Spring in the Virgin Mountains of Clark Co, NV in the Great Basin province and north of the Colorado River west of Grand Wash in Mohave Co, AZ in the Plateau sedimentary province. No type locality designated. No fossils found. Consists of silt, clay, sand, and in the Virgin Valley beds of rock salt 50 to more than 100 ft thick present. Gypsum layers common throughout. Has a maximum thickness of nearly 2,000 ft. Considered to be of late Miocene age on basis of correlation with Siebert and Esmeralda formations. Geologic map; nomenclature table. Overlies Overton fanglomerate (new). Is older than some unnamed Pliocene sedimentary rocks.

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Longwell, C.R., 1928, Geology of the Muddy Mountains, Nevada,
   with a section through the Virgin Range to the Grand Wash
   Cliffs, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 798, 152
   p., (incl. geologic map, scale 1:250,000)

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Overview	Plateau sedimentary province Great Basin province	Limestone Sandstone

Summary:
Mapped in White basin, on east side Tramp Ridge, and east of Bluff Spring, Clark Co, NV in the Great Basin province, and north of Black Canyon, Mohave Co, AZ in the Plateau sedimentary province. Geologic map. Measured sections. Is 395.5 ft thick in Horse Spring Valley where it overlies Overton fanglomerate and consists of (ascending) basal gray limestone, green conglomeratic sandstone and conglomerate, and interbedded white to gray dense, hard limestone and two thin gray calcareous sandstone beds. In section 2.5 miles northeast of Mud Well to north of Horse Spring, the formation is 583.5 ft thick and is underlain by the Overton and overlain by the Muddy Creek formation. In Kaolin Wash, east of the Muddy Mountains, the formation is 1,237 ft thick; the Kaolin section is in the magnesite facies of Horse Spring. Tuff layers present in most every section. Basal contact usually gradational; upper contact erosional. No fossils. Of late Miocene age because 1) its similarity to other late Miocene lacustrine deposits that contain abundant tuff, 2) subject to only one period of folding; 3) presence of magnesian carbonate which is found in other deposits of this age nearby.

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Barnes, Harley, Ekren, E.B., Rodgers, C.L. and Hedlund, D.C.,
   1982, Geologic and tectonic maps of the Mercury quadrangle,
   Nye and Clark Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey
   Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map, I-1197, 1 sheet,
   scale 1:24,000

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring Formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Age modified Isotopic dating	Great Basin province

Summary:
Age of the Horse Spring Formation in the Mercury quadrangle is Oligocene based on a radiometric (biotite) age of 29.3 +/-0.9 Ma. Miocene age applies to Lake Mead area only.

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Bohannon, R.G., 1983, Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic development
   of the Muddy, North Muddy, and northern Black Mountains,
   Clark County, Nevada, IN Miller, D.M., Todd, V.R., and Howard,
   K.E., eds., Tectonic and stratigraphic studies in the eastern
   Great Basin: Geological Society of America Memoir, 157, p.
   125-148

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring Formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Areal limits	Great Basin province

Summary:
Unit is geographically extended into the report area [as the Rainbow Garden Member]. Age is given as Miocene.

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Bohannon, R.G., 1984, Nonmarine sedimentary rocks of Tertiary
   age in the Lake Mead region, southeastern Nevada and northwestern
   Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1259, 72
   p., (incl. geologic map, scale approx. 1:790,000)

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring Formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Revised Principal reference Isotopic dating	Great Basin province Plateau sedimentary province

Summary:
Revised to include Tertiary rocks below the unnamed red sandstone unit and unconformably above rocks that belong to formations as old as Kaibab Limestone to those as young as the Baseline Sandstone. The red sandstone unit was assigned to the upper parts of the 1) Horse Spring Formation, 2) Gale Hills Formation (a name abandoned in this report), or 3) Muddy Creek Formation in earlier reports. Principal reference area (lithology not described) designated in Bitter Spring Valley and White Basin area, Clark Co, NV; principal reference section (lithology not described) 2,100 m thick designated between long 114 deg 36' and 114 deg 37' W and lat 36 deg 15' 45" and 36 deg 19' 30" N Muddy Peak quad. Divided into (ascending order): Rainbow Gardens Member (new), Thumb Member (reduced in stratigraphic rank), Bitter Ridge Limestone (new) and Lovell Wash (new) Members. Areal limit maps of Rainbow Gardens (Clark Co, NV and Mohave Co, AZ), Thumb (Clark Co, NV), Bitter Ridge (Clark Co, NV), and Lovell Wash (Clark Co, NV). Clark Co is in the Great Basin province. Mohave Co is in the Plateau sedimentary province. Rainbow Gardens has not been dated but is thought to be no older than about 20 m.y. Thumb ranges from 17.2 to 13.5 m.y. Bitter Ridge ranges from 13.5 to 13.0 m.y. Lovell Wash ranges from 13.0 to 11.9 m.y. Tables show data on K-Ar ages and Zr-F-T ages on samples from members. Paleogeologic maps. Stratigraphic diagram.

Summary of Citation: Horse Spring

Publication:
Beard, S.C., 1993, Tertiary stratigraphy of the south Virgin
   Mountains, southeast Nevada, and the Grand Wash Trough,
   northeast Arizona, IN Sherrod, D.R., and Neilson, J.E., eds.,
   Tertiary stratigraphy of the highly extended terranes,
   California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 2053, p. 29-32

Usage in Publication:
Horse Spring Formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Age modified Isotopic dating	Great Basin province

Summary:
Age of the Horse Spring Formation in the southern Virgin Mountains is revised from Miocene to: late Oligocene and Miocene, based in part, on a radiometric age (K-Ar, biotite) of 24.3 Ma from the Rainbow Gardens Member (middle part).