GEOLEX

Summary of Citation: Pekin

Publication:
Campbell, M.R. and Kimball, K.K., 1923, The Deep River coal
   field of North Carolina: North Carolina Geological and Economic
   Survey Bulletin, no. 33, 95 p.

Usage in Publication:
Pekin formation

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Named	Piedmont-Blue Ridge province	Sandstone Shale Conglomerate

Summary:
The "lower red sandstone" of Emmons (1857) is here named the Pekin formation of the Newark group for exposures near Pekin, NC. It consists of red and brown sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. The "millstone grit", a basal hard gray conglomerate, unconformably overlies older metamorphic rocks. The Pekin gradationally underlies the Cumnock formation. Outcrops are in a belt along the northwest side of the Triassic basins. Thickness ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 ft.

Summary of Citation: Pekin

Publication:
Reinemund, J.A., 1955, Geology of the Deep River coal field,
   North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper,
   246, 159 p.

Usage in Publication:
Pekin formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Overview	Piedmont-Blue Ridge province

Summary:
Pekin formation of the Newark group is adopted by the USGS. Contacts between the Pekin and the overlying Cumnock are gradational and arbitrary in some places. In general, the top of the Pekin is drawn at the top of the highest persistent red or brown beds below the coal beds.

Summary of Citation: Pekin

Publication:
Cornet, Bruce, 1977, Palynostratigraphy and age of the Newark
   Supergroup: Pennsylvania State University, unpublished Ph.D.
   dissertation, 505 p.

Usage in Publication:
Pekin Formation

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Age modified Biostratigraphic dating	Piedmont-Blue Ridge province

Summary:
Palynoflora high in the section of the Pekin Formation at the type locality at Pekin, North Carolina, in the Wadesboro basin, are more consistent with flora of the Cumnock Formation, which overlies the Pekin farther north but is not recognizable on lithologic grounds in the Wadesboro basin. It is possible that the type locality of the Pekin may be as young or younger than the Cumnock (late middle Carnian).

Summary of Citation: Pekin

Publication:
Olsen, P.E., McCune, A.R. and Thomson, K.S., 1982, Correlation
   of the early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup by vertebrates,
   principally fishes: American Journal of Science, v. 282, no.
   1, p. 1-44

Usage in Publication:
Pekin Formation

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Revised	Piedmont-Blue Ridge province

Summary:
The Pekin Formation is here assigned to the Chatham Group of the Newark Supergroup in the Wadesboro, Sanford, and Durham basins, NC.

Summary of Citation: Pekin

Publication:
Litwin, R.J. and Ash, S.R., 1993, Revision of the biostratigraphy
   of the Chatham Group (Upper Triassic), Deep River basin,
   North Carolina, U.S.A.: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,
   v. 77, nos. 1-2, p. 77-95

Usage in Publication:
Pekin Formation*

Modifications:	Geologic Province:	Dominant Lithology:
Age modified Biostratigraphic dating	Piedmont-Blue Ridge province

Summary:
This report revises the ages of the Chatham Group rocks. Late Carnian palynomorphs in Wadesboro subbasin attributed to the type Pekin Formation (lowest of the Chatham Group) extend the age of the Pekin into the late Carnian. Late Carnian palynomorphs were also identified in the Cumnock Formation in the Sanford subbasin, thus confirming the age of the Cumnock. Plant megafossil and fossil vertebrate data from rocks in the Sanford subbasin also support these ages. Although the Sanford Formation has not been dated paleontologically, it must extend into the lower Norian on the basis of lithologic correlation with the Stoneville Formation of the Danville-Dan River basin 100 km to the northeast. The upper part of the Stoneville contains early Norian palynomorphs. This evidence indicates that Chatham Group sediments were deposited from the early(?) Carnian through the early Norian, a much longer interval than previously thought.